Heart Failure - Medical-Surgical (Med-Surg) - Cardiovascular System - @LevelUpRN
Heart Failure - Medical-Surgical (Med-Surg) - Cardiovascular System - @LevelUpRN
The pathophysiology of heart failure, the signs and symptoms of left-sided and right-sided heart failure, labs, diagnosis, treatment, and nursing care associated with heart failure.
Cathy Parkes BSN, RN, CWCN, PHN covers Heart Failure. The Medical-Surgical (Med-Surg) - Cardiovascular System video tutorial series is intended to help RN and PN nursing students study for your nursing school exams, including the ATI, HESI and NCLEX.
#NCLEX #HESI #Kaplan #ATI #NursingSchool #NursingStudent #Nurse #RN #PN #Education #LVN #LPN #Medsurg #Cardiovascular #Heartfailiure 0:00 What to Expect? 0:58 Heart Failure 1:25 Signs and Symptoms 1:55 Left Sided 2:23 Right Sided 2:46 Memory Trick 3:02 Diagnosis 3:39 Echocardiogram 4:09 Hemodynamic Monitoring 4:24 Medication 5:04 Nursing Care 5:31 Quiz Time!
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Content
0.24 -> Hi, I'm Cathy with Level Up RN. In this
video, I am going to cover heart failure,
5.36 -> and at the end of the video, I'm going
to provide you guys a little quiz
9.68 -> to test your understanding of some of the
key items I will be covering in this video.
14.56 -> So definitely stay tuned for that. And if you
have our medical surgical nursing flashcards,
20.16 -> definitely pull those out so
you can follow along with me.
23.76 -> So heart failure is a critical topic that you
need to know for nursing school. You need to
29.76 -> know it for NCLEX, and you also need to know
it as a practicing nurse. So on the medical
36.32 -> surgical floor, we frequently get patients with
heart failure. It's a very common diagnosis.
43.52 -> So you're definitely going to need to know this
condition inside and out, and you'll notice on our
48.96 -> flashcards we have lots of bold red text. So that
means these are important facts and concepts that
55.92 -> you will definitely want to review. With heart
failure, the heart muscle does not pump enough
62.24 -> blood to effectively meet the body's needs, and
the pathophysiology behind heart failure is that
70.4 -> the patient has a congenital heart defect or some
other disorder, such as coronary heart disease,
77.92 -> which damages or overworks the heart, such that we
have a decrease in cardiac output. In terms of the
86.48 -> signs and symptoms of heart failure, we have left
sided heart failure signs and symptoms and right
92.96 -> sided heart failure signs and symptoms. And if
you think about the blood flow through the heart,
98.56 -> it will help you think critically about what signs
and symptoms you can expect. So blood will come
105.04 -> into the right side of the heart and then it will
go to the lungs and then to the left side of the
110.8 -> heart and then out to the body. So if we have left
sided heart failure, where does the blood back up?
119.36 -> It backs up into the lungs, so we will end up with
pulmonary congestion. So signs and symptoms of
126.24 -> left sided heart failure include dyspnea,
crackles, fatigue, as well as pink,
133.12 -> frothy sputum. What about if we have right sided
heart failure? So remember, blood is coming from
139.84 -> the body into the right side of the heart. If
the right side of the heart fails, that blood
146.4 -> will back up into the body. So we'll end up with
systemic congestion. So signs and symptoms of
153.84 -> right sided heart failure include peripheral
edema, ascites, jugular vein distension,
161.04 -> and hepatomegaly. So enlargement of the liver.
So we do have a little cool chicken hint here
167.28 -> on the card to help you remember which symptoms go
with which side. So left equals lung. So L and L.
177.2 -> And right equals the rest of the body, R and R.
In terms of diagnosis of heart failure, there's
184.56 -> a number of diagnostic tools that we can use. So
for labs, we have hBNP. hBNP is a hormone that is
193.52 -> released by the heart in response to stretching of
the heart. So with heart failure, the heart is not
201.36 -> pumping effectively and that causes a back up of
blood. So the heart is definitely being stretched,
208.32 -> which causes excess release of hBNP.
So if your patient has an hBNP level
214.64 -> over 100, that is indicative of heart failure.
Another diagnostic tool is an echocardiogram,
222.16 -> and with this tool, we can measure the patient's
ejection fraction, which is the percentage of
228.56 -> blood that leaves the ventricle each time
it contracts. And normally left ventricular
236.08 -> ejection fraction is between 55 and 70 percent. If
we have an ejection fraction which is under 55%,
245.84 -> then that is indicative of heart failure. We can
also use hemodynamic monitoring as a diagnostic
252.96 -> tool. So a patient with heart failure will have an
increase in central venous pressure, as well as an
259.6 -> increase in pulmonary artery wedge pressure.
For medications, diuretics are commonly used.
266.96 -> Diuretics will help get rid of that excess fluid
to help decrease the workload of the heart.
273.84 -> We can also give the patient digoxin, which will
help that heart beat more efficiently, so it will
280.24 -> allow for stronger, slower contractions. We can
also provide the patient with antihypertensive
287.28 -> agents such as beta blockers, ace inhibitors,
calcium channel blockers, and angiotensin II
294.8 -> blockers. Other medications used for heart failure
include vasodilators as well as anticoagulants.
302.56 -> In terms of nursing care, we're going to
want to closely monitor the patient's weight
307.52 -> on a daily basis, and we're going to
want to monitor their Is and Os as well.
312.72 -> We're going to want to sit the patient up into
High Fowler's position because it'll be easier
317.44 -> for them to breathe in that position. We may also
need to restrict the patient's fluid and sodium
324.24 -> intake as ordered, and then we always want to
monitor for complications such as pulmonary edema.
331.36 -> Okay, you guys ready for a quiz? I have
three questions for you. First question.
336.8 -> Crackles and pink frothy sputum are signs of
a right sided heart failure. True or false?
346.72 -> The answer is false. These are signs and symptoms
of left sided heart failure. So remember, with
354.08 -> left sided heart failure, we have symptoms in the
lungs. Okay, second question. Heart failure will
361.84 -> cause an increase in central venous pressure and
pulmonary artery wedge pressure. True or false?
371.04 -> The answer is true. Third question, peripheral
edema and hepatomegaly are signs of right sided
380.32 -> heart failure. True or false? The answer is true.
All right. I hope you did well with that quiz.
388.8 -> If you're enjoying our videos and you're enjoying
these little quizzes at the end of the videos,
394.24 -> definitely give this video a
thumbs up and definitely leave me
398.48 -> a comment. Take care and good luck with studying.
I invite you to subscribe to our channel and share
404.56 -> a link with your classmates and friends in nursing
school. If you found value in this video, be sure
410.24 -> and hit the like button, and leave a comment and
let us know what you found particularly helpful.
