Causes and Symptoms of Hypertension | Medical Minute Monday Ep. 15

Causes and Symptoms of Hypertension | Medical Minute Monday Ep. 15

Causes and Symptoms of Hypertension | Medical Minute Monday Ep. 15

Happy March Everyone! Hypertension, also known as high blood pressure, is a common but dangerous condition that affects millions of Americans. This week, Stan will be reviewing the risk factors and symptoms that accompany HTN.

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Content

0.989 -> Hi everyone, welcome back!
3.28 -> This week I’m reviewing hypertension.
5.899 -> If you haven’t already, be sure to watch our Medical Minute on antihypertensive medications
10.019 -> following this video!
11.61 -> It gives a high-level overview of the many medications used to treat this disease.
15.839 -> For this reason, I won’t be going into the treatment of hypertension in this Medical
19.12 -> Minute.
20.12 -> Hypertension is abbreviated as HTN and is commonly referred to as high blood pressure.
24.46 -> It’s a common condition in which the force exerted on the walls of the arteries by the
28.51 -> blood consistently exceeds normal ranges.
31.73 -> Affecting 1 in every 3 Americans, I can guarantee that you’ll come across hypertension in
36.13 -> your documentation.
37.79 -> There are two types of hypertension, primary and secondary.
41.75 -> Primary hypertension, also referred to as essential hypertension, tends to develop gradually
46.37 -> over the years and is idiopathic, meaning that it arises spontaneously and without a
51.17 -> known cause.
52.45 -> With secondary hypertension, also referred to as inessential hypertension, the cause
57.3 -> is known and it may develop rapidly.
59.87 -> Some examples include: Kidney disease
62.01 -> Thyroid disease Obstructive sleep apnea
64.89 -> Pregnancy Congenital birth defects
67.109 -> And the use of certain medications or illicit drugs
69.95 -> It’s important to know that many people with hypertension remain asymptomatic, and
74.579 -> therefore go undiagnosed.
76.69 -> With that said, some report symptoms.
78.85 -> These often include: Headache
80.28 -> Shortness of breath Nosebleeds
82.27 -> And Dizziness Over time, the constant elevation in blood
86.1 -> pressure can cause damage to the vessels and the organs.
89.539 -> Luckily, hypertension can be easily detected and controlled, if the proper treatment is
94.289 -> given.
95.429 -> Blood pressure readings measure systolic blood pressure (the larger number) and diastolic
100.02 -> blood pressure (the smaller number).
102.369 -> Major blood pressure stages can be seen here in this table created by The American Heart
106.509 -> Association.
107.7 -> Keep in mind that anything less than 120/80 doesn’t truly mean that the blood pressure
112.479 -> is normal.
113.479 -> Once we go below 90/60 we’re entering hypotension, but that’s another topic entirely!
118.67 -> Hereditary and physical risk factors for hypertension include:
122.11 -> a family history of hypertension, old age, and African ancestry.
126.819 -> Gender also plays a role, as men are more likely to be diagnosed with hypertension before
131.08 -> the age of 64.
132.8 -> Modifiable risk factors include: Chronic kidney disease
136.3 -> Diabetes A poor diet, especially diets that are high
140.13 -> in sodium.
141.13 -> A lack of exercise Tobacco use
143.68 -> Alcohol abuse And an abnormal level of stress
147.31 -> Uncontrolled hypertension changes the blood vessels, causing them to become thickened,
152.28 -> weakened, narrowed, or torn.
154.4 -> This can lead to myocardial infarction, stroke, aneurysms, kidney disease, vision loss, and
160.721 -> vascular dementia.
163.06 -> Hypertension affects each individual differently, and the level of documentation that is needed
167.11 -> can be intimidating!
168.65 -> As with any patient, pay close attention to the patient’s past medical history and active
173.14 -> medications.
174.29 -> If the patient presents with a hypertensive emergency, frequent updates on the patient’s
178.39 -> status should be documented.
180.27 -> Small episodes of high blood pressure are common, especially in times of stress or when
184.63 -> we’re in pain.
185.63 -> Sometimes, even the presence of the clinician in the room is enough to raise a patient’s
189.34 -> blood pressure!
190.34 -> Distinguishing between a benign episode of high blood pressure and undiagnosed hypertension
195.19 -> requires monitoring over a period of time.
197.17 -> For this reason, patients with abnormal blood pressure readings in the emergency department
201.39 -> are often provided education on hypertension and asked to follow-up with a primary care
205.59 -> provider.
206.59 -> Be sure to document this discussion between the clinician and patient in the medical record!
210.58 -> I hope that this video has increased your understanding and confidence in documenting
215.22 -> this disease!
216.35 -> The Medical Minute is transitioning to a new release schedule.
219.23 -> You can tune in for a new Medical Minute on the first Monday of each month!
222.85 -> Join us on April 1st for our next Medical Minute!

Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QTvdBnWxLls