What happens when you get heat stroke? - Douglas J. Casa
What happens when you get heat stroke? - Douglas J. Casa
ชมบทเรียนแบบเต็มได้ที่: http://ed.ted.com/lessons/what-happen…
คุณเคยเป็นโรคลมแดดจากการออกกำลังกายหนัก (exertional heat stroke) หรือไม่? ภาวะนี้เกิดจากการออกกำลังอย่างหนักท่ามกลางอากาศร้อน และยังเป็นหนึ่งในสามสาเหตุหลักของการเสียชีวิตของนักกีฬาและทหารระหว่างการฝึก ดักลาส เจ คาซ่า อธิบายถึง ผลร้ายแรงจากการเกิดโรคลมแดดที่มีต่อร่างกายเรา และแนวทางปฏิบัติในกรณีที่มันเกิดกับคนที่คุณรู้จัก
แบบเรียนโดย Douglas J. Casa, แอนิเมชั่นโดย Cinematic.
Content
9.559 -> In 1985, 16-year-old Douglas Casa,
12.713 -> ran the championship 10,000 meter track race
at the Empire State Games.
17.509 -> Suddenly, with just 200 meters to go,
he collapsed,
21.01 -> got back up and then collapsed again
on the final straightaway,
24.686 -> with his body temperature
at dangerous levels.
27.315 -> He had suffered an exertional heat stroke.
29.593 -> Fortunately, with immediate and
proper treatment,
32.372 -> he survived the potentially fatal episode
34.735 -> and has since helped save 167 people
in similar circumstances.
39.358 -> From ancient soldiers on the battlefield
41.498 -> to modern day warriors on the gridiron,
43.802 -> exertional heat stroke, or sunstroke,
has long been a serious concern.
48.162 -> And unlike classical heat stroke,
which affects vulnerable people
51.078 -> such as infants and the elderly
during heat waves,
53.685 -> exertional heat stroke is caused by
intense exercise in the heat,
57.477 -> and is one of the top three killers
of athletes and soldiers in training.
61.541 -> When you exercise,
nearly 80% of the energy you use
65.237 -> is transformed into heat.
67.223 -> In normal circumstances,
this is what's known as
69.565 -> compensable heat stress.
71.608 -> And your body can dissipate the heat
as quickly as it's generated
74.605 -> through cooling methods
like the evaporation of sweat.
77.442 -> But with uncompensable heat stress,
79.662 -> your body is unable to lose enough heat
81.835 -> due to overexertion or
high temperatures in humidity,
84.934 -> which raises your core temperature
beyond normal levels.
88.016 -> This causes the proteins and
cell membranes to denature,
91.136 -> creating cells that no longer
function properly
93.795 -> and begin to leak their contents.
96.083 -> If these leaky cells
proliferate through the body,
98.334 -> the results can be devastating.
100.103 -> Including liver damage,
blood clot formation in the kidneys,
103.453 -> damage to the gastrointestinal tract
and even the failure of vital organs.
108.017 -> So how do you diagnose
an exertional heat stroke?
110.603 -> The main criterion is a core body temperature
greater than 40 degrees Celsius
114.611 -> observed along with physical symptoms
117.007 -> such as increased heart rate,
low blood pressure and rapid breathing
120.37 -> or signs of central nervous system disfunction
123.078 -> such as confused behavior,
aggression or loss of consciousness.
127.409 -> The most feasible and accurate way
to assess core body temperature
130.865 -> is with a rectal thermometer
132.387 -> as other common temperature-taking methods
are not accurate in these circumstances.
137.254 -> As far as treatment goes,
138.858 -> the most important thing to remember is
cool first, transport second.
142.901 -> Because the human body can withstand
a core temperature above 40 degrees Celsius
147.284 -> for about 30 minutes before cell damage sets in,
150.205 -> it's essential to initiate rapid cooling on site
153.23 -> in order to lower it as quickly as possible.
156.31 -> After any athletic or protective gear
has been removed from the victim,
159.842 -> place them in an ice water tub
while stirring the water
162.518 -> and monitoring vitals continuously.
165.132 -> If this is not possible,
166.755 -> dousing in ice water and applying
wet towels over the entire body can help.
171.043 -> But before you start anything,
emergency services should be called.
175.019 -> As you wait, it's important
to keep the victim calm
177.561 -> while cooling as much
surface area as possible
180.158 -> until emergency personnel arrive.
182.54 -> If medical staff are available on site,
cooling should continue
186.028 -> until a core temperature
of 38.9 degrees Celsius is reached.
190.653 -> The sun is known for giving life,
192.586 -> but it can also take life away
if we're not careful,
195.22 -> even affecting the strongest among us.
197.71 -> As Dr. JJ Levick wrote of
exertional heat stroke in 1859,
201.944 -> "It strikes down its victim
with his full armor on.
205.012 -> Youth, health and strength
oppose no obstacle to its power."
209.364 -> But although this condition is one of the
top three leading causes of death in sports,
214.193 -> it has been 100% survivable with proper care.
Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PpHM4DfPZQU