Stroke (for patients & families)
Stroke (for patients & families)
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Content
3.83 -> A stroke is when the brain doesn’t get enough
oxygen.
7.6 -> The most common cause of a stroke is a blockage
in a blood vessel to the brain, which is often
12.24 -> due to a blood clot getting trapped where
the blood vessel narrows.
16.2 -> When the blood vessel gets blocked off, blood
can no longer flow past the clot, and oxygen
21.32 -> can’t get to the brain tissue, and the tissue
quickly starts to die.
27.26 -> Sometimes the clot might dissolve on its own
before permanent damage occurs.
32.16 -> This is known as a transient ischemic attack
(TIA) or mini-stroke and symptoms typically
38.87 -> go away on their own within a few hours.
40.72 -> If a person is having a TIA, they should still
go to the hospital because it could be a warning
46.76 -> that a larger stroke is about to occur.
51.03 -> Knowing the signs and symptoms of a stroke
can make a big difference in how quickly someone
54.71 -> gets care, and in turn, how well they recover.
58.73 -> Remembering the word FAST will help you remember
the signs of a stroke.
62.51 -> F stands for face - usually one side of the
face starts to droop and becomes hard to move.
68.45 -> This can sometimes cause someone to smile
crookedly.
72.65 -> A is for arm weakness or the inability to
hold both arms out straight in front of the
78.59 -> body.
79.59 -> But it’s not just the arms, sometimes, a
stroke can also cause weakness in the legs.
84.97 -> S is for speech which can either mean that
someone is slurring their speech or having
89.95 -> trouble understanding what others are saying.
93.28 -> And finally, T is for time - Call emergency
services immediately when these symptoms appear.
98.391 -> A stroke should be treated within the first
few hours to increase the chance of a good
101.97 -> recovery.
102.97 -> Strokes may also involve other symptoms, but
these are the classic signs.
106.42 -> So remember, Face, Arm, Speech, Time: FAST
113.07 -> If the health care team suspects a stroke
when a person arrives at the hospital, a head
116.83 -> CT scan can help to determine the underlying
cause so that the person can be properly treated
121.53 -> as quickly as possible.
129.729 -> There are two treatments that can be offered
in the first few hours of a stroke.
134 -> After several hours have passed these treatments
will no longer work because the tissue can’t
138.22 -> be saved afterwards.
140.03 -> TPA—sometimes known as “the clot buster
medicine”—works by dissolving the blood
144.67 -> clot and allowing blood to flow back through
the previously blocked vessel.
149.46 -> In addition, a there’s also thrombectomy,
which is a minimally invasive procedure that
153.56 -> can be used to remove larger clots from the
brain.
158.73 -> After a stroke, the main goal is to prevent
another stroke.
162.08 -> The most common modifiable risk factor for
stroke is hypertension, or high blood pressure.
168.02 -> Lowering blood pressure back to the normal
range can result in the greatest decrease
171.74 -> in stroke risk.
174.06 -> Next comes smoking which approximately doubles
the risk of another stroke, but this additional
179.29 -> stroke risk disappears within 2 to 4 years
of quitting.
183.16 -> It takes most people several attempts to quit
before they are successful, so it’s important
187.18 -> not to be discouraged after a failed attempt.
190.15 -> There’s diabetes, a disease that causes
high blood sugar which damages blood vessels.
197.569 -> And finally, high cholesterol which can lead
to narrowing of blood vessels.
201.72 -> Both of these can predispose someone to getting
a stroke.
205.68 -> The good news is that all of these risk factors
can be reduced through a combination of lifestyle
209.18 -> changes and medication.
212.62 -> For medications, daily aspirin can be used
to reduce the chance that a blood clot will
216.7 -> form in the future.
217.76 -> Also, though, blood thinners can be prescribed
instead if someone has an abnormal heart rhythm
222.59 -> like atrial fibrillation, since clots are
more likely to occur in the heart and travel
228.3 -> to the brain.
231.129 -> After a stroke, recovery can be slow and sometimes
people still see small improvements for a
236.02 -> year or more.
238.16 -> Depending on the type of stroke, individuals
that have had a stroke may work with speech
241.39 -> therapists, physical therapists, and occupational
therapists to regain physical strength and
246.74 -> an ability to communicate effectively.
250.64 -> Depression is very common following a stroke
and shouldn’t be ignored.
255.12 -> It turns out that when it’s properly addressed
and treated, in addition to feeling better
259.209 -> people actually regain physical strength.
261.969 -> That’s why having the support of family
and friends, as well as the health care professionals
266.939 -> has been shown to make such a difference.
272.21 -> In general, outcomes can be difficult to predict
and while most stroke patients have some permanent
277.139 -> neurologic deficits, many people recover well
over time - even those who weren’t treated
282.9 -> within hours.
284.759 -> Overall, the goal is to provide tools to maximize
quality of life after a stroke and prevent
291.08 -> another stroke from happening in
327.4 -> the future.
Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IpgFWK3qkhk