Atherosclerosis and Hypertension - Medical-Surgical - Cardiovascular System | @LevelUpRN
Atherosclerosis and Hypertension - Medical-Surgical - Cardiovascular System | @LevelUpRN
The pathophysiology, risk factors, signs and symptoms, labs, diagnosis, treatment, nursing care, and patient teaching associated with atherosclerosis and hypertension.
Our Medical-Surgical video tutorial series is taught by Cathy Parkes BSN, RN, CWCN, PHN and intended to help RN and PN nursing students study for their nursing school exams, including the ATI, HESI and NCLEX.
0:00 What to Expect with Atherosclerosis and Hypertension 0:24 Atherosclerosis 0:50 Risk Factors of Atherosclerosis 1:26 Labs/ Treatments 1:44 Patient Teaching 1:55 Hypertension 2:25 Risk Factors of Hypertension 2:40 Primary 3:03 Secondary 3:26 Signs and Symptoms 3:52 Nursing Care/ Diagnosis 4:57 Treatments 5:25 Patient Teaching 6:08 Quiz Time!
🚨Head over to our interactive study guide and index ANYTIME and find out exactly which card we’re referencing. https://bit.ly/MedSurgIndex
🌟🎓 Level Up Your Learning! 🚀🔥 This month, when you grab our Ultimate Nursing School Survival Kit, you get to choose a POWER UP to supercharge your education!⚡🎒Don’t miss out on these exclusive WEEKLY deals! ⚡WEEK 1: (7/31-8/6) SAVE 50% on the Great Eight Nurse Squad Study Card Games with the purchase of the Kit! 🎒🥳️✨ ⚡WEEK 2: (8/7-8/13) 🆓 Planner 🗓️ when you buy the Kit!🎒 ⚡WEEK 3: (8/14-8/20) 🆓 Dosage Calc Workbook 🧮️ alongside the Kit!🎒 💊💪 And for the grand finale… ⚡WEEK 4: (8/21-8/27) 🆓 one-year Membership 💼💻 with your purchase of the Kit! 🎒 Don’t wait! Elevate your nursing journey and seize these unbeatable deals now! 🏃♀️🏃♂️💨 ⚡️🎒➡️ https://bit.ly/b2spu ⬅️🎒⚡️
This is your one-stop-shop for materials to help you LEARN \u0026 REVIEW so you can PASS Nursing School.
🤔🤔🤔 DO YOU WANT TO PASS your classes, proctored exams and the NCLEX? 🤔🤔🤔 Our resources are the best you can buy. They are built with a single goal: help you pass with no fluff. Everything you need, and nothing you don’t. Don’t take our word for it, though! Check out our hundreds of ⭐️⭐️⭐️⭐️⭐️ reviews from nurses who passed their exams and the NCLEX with Level Up RN.
🗂️ Our Ultimate Nursing School Survival kit is your number 1 resource to get through nursing school and to pass the NCLEX. Whether you’re just starting school or you’re already prepping for the NCLEX, this bundle of flashcards is the best you can buy. It covers all the information you need to know to pass all your exams and it has FREE shipping! ➡️ https://bit.ly/TUNSSK ⬅️
📧 LOOKING FOR FREE RESOURCES TO HELP WITH YOUR EXAMS? Get exclusive tips, latest video releases and more delivered to your email! ➡️ https://leveluprn.com/signup ⬅️
⚕ 👩 LEVEL UP NURSE SQUAD 👩⚕️ All of the nurses at Level Up RN are here to help! Cathy Parkes started helping her fellow classmates back when she was in nursing school, tutoring so they could pass their exams and graduate. After she got her BSN and started working as an RN at Scripps Encinitas Hospital, she started this YouTube channel to help nursing students around the world. Since then she has built a team of top-notch dedicated nurses and nurse educators who are focused on improving nursing education and supporting career advancement for nurses everywhere. With flashcards, videos, courses, organizational tools and more, we are singularly focused on helping students and nurses Level Up on their exams and nursing careers.
Content
0.32 -> Hi, I'm Cathy with Level Up RN. In this video,
I'm going to talk about atherosclerosis as
5.68 -> well as hypertension. And at the end of the
video, I'll give you guys a quick little quiz
10.96 -> to test your understanding of some of the key
information I'll be covering in this video.
15.36 -> So definitely stay tuned for that. And if you
have our medical surgical nursing flashcards,
21.2 -> definitely pull those out so
you can follow along with me.
24.64 -> First up, we have atherosclerosis which is
the buildup of plaque on the arterial walls,
31.2 -> and these plaque deposits can become so large
that they impair blood flow. In addition,
38.32 -> these plaques can rupture causing a thrombus or
embolus. So a blood clot which in turn can cause a
46.24 -> myocardial infarction or a stroke. So risk factors
associated with atherosclerosis include older age,
55.2 -> immobility, smoking, increased cholesterol
numbers, obesity, diabetes, as well as stress.
64.48 -> So a patient with atherosclerosis may
have hypertension. And that makes sense,
70.08 -> right? Because if we have these plaques in the
arterial walls, then we are narrowing the lumen
76.16 -> of those arteries which increases blood pressure.
Also upon assessment, we may hear bruits
84 -> because of that turbulent blood flow. In terms of
labs, a patient with atherosclerosis will often
90.16 -> have elevated LDL levels as well as triglycerides.
So one key treatment for this condition would be
97.6 -> the administration of cholesterol-lowering
medications such as statins. We also want to
104 -> provide teaching to the patient, they should
quit smoking if they smoke, they should lose
109.84 -> weight if applicable, and make sure they
exercise and consume a heart-healthy diet.
115.76 -> Now let's talk about hypertension
which is high blood pressure.
119.52 -> So the pathophysiology behind hypertension is
that we have increased peripheral resistance
126.72 -> and/or increased cardiac output such that we
end up with an elevation in blood pressure.
133.68 -> So that increased peripheral resistance may be
due to atherosclerosis which we just talked about,
140.64 -> so that's definitely a contributing factor
in many cases for hypertension. Over time,
146.48 -> hypertension can cause damage to the heart and
the blood vessels which places the patient at
152.72 -> increased risk for an MI or stroke. So there
are two types of hypertension. We have primary
159.76 -> and secondary. So with primary hypertension
which is also called essential hypertension,
166.4 -> we have risk factors such as a family history,
increased sodium intake, as well as obesity,
175.04 -> smoking, stress and hyperlipidemia, so
increased LDL or triglyceride numbers.
182.96 -> With secondary hypertension, we have a medication
or disease that is causing an increase in blood
189.92 -> pressure. So risk factors include kidney disease,
hypothyroidism, Cushing's syndrome, as well
198.08 -> pheochromocytoma which is a tumor on the adrenal
gland that causes an increase in blood pressure.
205.76 -> In terms of the signs and
symptoms of hypertension.
209.12 -> In most cases, patients are asymptomatic, so they
will not have any signs and symptoms. However,
215.84 -> if their blood pressure gets high enough, then
they may end up in a hypertensive crisis which
221.68 -> is a complication of hypertension and they
may complain of a headache, chest pain,
228.48 -> shortness of breath, and dizziness. So as
a nurse, you're definitely going to want to
233.28 -> monitor your patient for those types of signs and
symptoms which can indicate a hypertensive crisis.
240.16 -> In terms of diagnosis. We would diagnose a
patient with hypertension if their blood pressure
246.64 -> is elevated during two or more visits. And
the level though, however, the threshold for
254.56 -> diagnosing hypertension, really varies depending
on the source. So the American Heart Association
262.48 -> says that a patient has stage 1 hypertension
if their systolic blood pressure is over 130
269.28 -> or their diastolic blood pressure is over
80. However, the Joint National Committee
275.76 -> says that a patient will have stage 1 hypertension
if their systolic blood pressure is over 140
282.64 -> or their diastolic blood pressure is over 90. So
as a nursing student, you need to find out which
289.92 -> of these sources your school uses and what source
you'll be responsible for on your nursing exams.
297.36 -> In terms of treatment, we can provide the patient
with diuretics to try to get rid of that excess
303.12 -> fluid which will help to decrease that cardiac
output. We can also provide the patient with
310.46 -> antihypertensive agents such as calcium channel
blockers, beta-blockers, and ace inhibitors. And
318.56 -> I go over all of those medications in detail
in my pharmacology playlist, so definitely
324 -> check that out. We also need to provide the
patient with teaching. In terms of diet, we want
329.92 -> the patient to consume a DASH diet which is highly
recommended for hypertension. So with a DASH diet,
338.24 -> we encourage an increased intake of vegetables and
fruits as well as low-fat dairy. And we encourage
345.76 -> a decreased consumption of sodium and fats,
particularly saturated fats and trans fats.
353.2 -> We also want to encourage our patients to lose
weight if that's applicable, reduce their stress,
359.6 -> quit smoking, limit alcohol consumption,
363.04 -> and they also need to monitor their blood
pressure on a regular basis at home.
368.64 -> Okay. It's time for a quiz. I have three
questions for you. The first question
373.52 -> is a fill-in-the-blank question. A buildup of
plaque on the arterial walls is called blank.
383.6 -> The answer is atherosclerosis. Question
number two is a true-false question.
390 -> Individuals with hypertension are
typically asymptomatic. True or false?
398.32 -> The answer is true. Question number three.
An individual with a history of hypertension
406.08 -> complains of a headache, chest
pain, and shortness of breath.
410.8 -> What complication does the nurse suspect?
The answer is a hypertensive crisis.
420 -> Okay. That's it for this video.
I hope it's been helpful for you.
424.08 -> If so, be sure to like this video, subscribe
to our channel, and tell your friends and
430 -> classmates about our channel as well. Take care.
I invite you to subscribe to our channel and share
435.84 -> a link with your classmates and friends in nursing
school. If you found value in this video, be sure
441.6 -> and hit the like button, and leave a comment and
let us know what you found particularly helpful.
